I am really sorry to hear this, but things like this can happen with all devices if you do not act careful.

I am writing this to you that this does not happen to you again with whatever vendor / device that you will finally choose.

BTW .. even in the old analog world you had to take care to i.e. turn the proper faders down, this is nothing that the devices do on their own.

You need to think about safe procedures for yourself when working with devices that are capable to reach a very high volume which could be bad for your ears. Develop certain "safety belts" for yourself.

1. speakers:
- ideal if they have a volume know so that you can turn it down, otherwise
- check out this article from MC about mismatching levels and how to work with attenuators
https://www.forum.rme-audio.de/viewtopic.php?id=25399

2. phones:
- if you do not know how the levels are current set ... simply do not wear the phones until you are sure that its not too loud

Especially TotalMix FX can be configured in a way, that the output levels can be saved digitally and recalled properly by recalling snapshots.

I would also advice, to make actively use of existing TM FX features to bring everything to a defined volume level.

1. make a basic setup with all levels turned down to proper values and save it to all of the 8 Snapshot places,
so that recalling the wrong or unconfigured snapshot leads to unexpected high volume

2. check the tool symbol on the HW Outputs, that not the highest Level is being chosen for the outputs.

3. in the TM FX preferences configure 2 things
a) snapshot : Do not load "-------", this ensures that a snapshot does load the configured/saved volume level
b) Device Handling: (X) Always init DSP devices with TM FX settings, this ensures that the devices will be initialized by the last settings of TM FX on the computer during startup / login

4. if you have new devices that you do not know, take your time and make yourself familiar with it.
Be extra careful and anticipate that maybe a wrong click could bring something to 0dB.

If you want / need extra safety, get a monitor controller with phones outputs where everything finally goes through analog volume knobs (but ofc also these settings need to be re-checked b4 use if several ppl have access to it).
https://www.thomann.de/de/mackie_big_knob_passive.htm
https://www.thomann.de/de/mackie_big_knob_studio.htm

Recommendation: go to a doc if your ears have ring or whatever issue that still persists, things like this need to be cured / treated best as soon as possible.