Can you please link to the cable that you bought, to be sure, that we talk about the same thing?
Please detail your setup:
What computer do you have?
To what USB3 port did you connect the Startech Cable?
USB3 port of the computers chipset or to a 3rd party USB3 chipset?
Did you try other USB3 ports?
Do you see any USB transport errors (CRC errors) in the drivers settings.
To where is the ARC connected, to the UFX III or to the computer?
Can you try a different port on the computer?
The StarTech cable runs normally USB3 bus powered, but it comes with a power supply.
You could check whether it has to do with power delivery with the PC and use the Startech power supply for the cable.
For an USB3 extension cable the price of the StarTech cable is fully normal, I know other more expensive extensions with a crap cable instantly creating nasty loops and which are not so durable.
I am using here two Startech cables connected to a Sonnet PCIe card with FL1100 chipset using the power of the card.
I connected UFX III (USB3) and ADI-2 Pro FS R BE (USB2) to the USB3 cable. Both run fine.
https://www.startech.com/en-us/cables/usb3aaext3m
BR Ramses - UFX III, 12Mic, XTC, M-1620 Pro D, RayDAT, ADI-2 Pro FS R BE, X10SRi-F, E5-1680v4, Win10