MC wrote:Reading the docs it seems they are identical. You have a source that lists the differences? That would be helpful.
While based on ITU-R BS.1770, ATSC A/85 uses a Target Loudness level of -24 LKFS, + or - 2 LU as its target, instead of -23. Note that the Target Loudness is shows on the meter as -24 LKFS, not 0. Absolute peaks should not exceed -2 LU True Peak.
Apart from the different Target level, the main difference between the Recommended Practice in Europe and that for North America has to do with the intent and goal of the regulation. The EBU wishes to impose Loudness regulation to all forms of media, whereas the C.A.L.M. Act in the USA (and hence, the rest of North America) deals specifically with broadcast, in order to deal with level disparity between program material and commercials.
This main manifestation of this disparity results in the adoption of gating - whether or not low level signal will have an effect on a Loudness Meter's reading. The EBU has adopted the provisions of ITU BS.1770-2, which recommends that gating should be employed all the time. The C.A.L.M. Act refers to BS.1770-1, where the focus is on the "Anchor Element" - the main dialog, the lead vocal, essentially the most important and prominent element in a sound mix. Under the terms of the Act, Loudness measurement should only take place on the sections of the program where the Anchor Element is present. The rest of the time, gating can be used, but its use and its threshold are left to the discretion of the individual broadcaster. Most people I have spoken with, involved in the film and television broadcast industry, are not using gating at all, preferring to measure loudness over the entire duration of a given program's material. To say that this state of affairs is ambiguous is no understatement. It would seem prudent to produce a Loudness Meter for the North American market which has the level and time constants defined in ATSC A/85, with the option to engage or not engage gating, with a user definable threshold, but since the legislation seems to be in flux, it's understandable why nobody has rushed such a design to market.
The official ATSC A/85 document, with details of measurement spectral pre-emphasis and time constants can be found here:
http://www.atsc.org/cms/standards/a_85-2011a.pdf
A very welcome document purporting to provide "Loudness Standards Disambiguation", written by Valentin De?caillet of Merging Technologies Inc., can be found here:
http://www.merging.com/uploads/assets/M … uation.pdf
Frank Lockwood
https://LockwoodARS.com
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